The Boston Tea Party

The Boston Tea Party was a significant event in the years leading up to the American Revolution. By 1773 tensions were mounting as British America’s relationship with Mother England became increasing strained. The British Empire has secured victory in the French and Indian Wars but had run up an incredible war debt. King George III and the British Government looked to taxing goods in the American colonies as a means to replenish its treasury. It was in this the passing of the Tea Act 1773 that ignited a standoff and brought the issue of taxation without representation in Parliament to head.As a result, the colonists took action and began overt revolt to British rule in the Americas (Boston Tea Party Historical Society). This paper will explore the incidents that led up to the Boston Tea Party and its impact on subsequent events leading up to the American Revolution. The incident that has been termed the Boston Tea Party occurred on December 16, 1773, when government officials in Boston refused to return three shiploads of taxed-imposed tea to Britain. A group of colonists boarded the ships in disguise and destroyed the tea by throwing it into Boston Harbor (BTPHS).The Tea Act of 1773 essentially allowed one of Britain’s greatest commercial interests of the day, The East India Company, a monopoly over tea imports to all British colonies. Due to increased competition from the Dutch and the already high tax the Crown placed on tea, the East India Company had a surplus of tea. The solution that King George III and Parliament came up with was to force this tea on the colony (Knollenberg 93). Basically, a captive market was created for British products by the British Government. There was fear amongst the colonists that this could extend to products other than tea.The colonists’ actions and the government reaction widened an already growing chasm between Crown and colonists (Larabee 106). During the years of 1754 through 1763, the British Empire was involved in The French and Indian War, a protracted conflict with rival power France for control of settlements in America. The French allied themselves with Native American tribes to rid the colonies of the British. At the end of this conflict, Britain was successful in securing the conquest of Canada. During this period of time, the thirteen American colonies flourished and grew ncreasingly less dependent on Great Britain. With the need to re-establish control over the Colonies and recoup their war costs, Parliament passed a series of acts to which did nothing but agitate the already frustrated colonists and further strain relations between the Crown and the Colonies (Cave 2004). There were two major actions by Parliament that exacerbated the already strained relationship with the Colonies. First, the Stamp Act of 1765 met with significant colonial resistance. This act required that printed material in the colonies carry a tax stamp.These printed materials included: legal docu ments, magazines, newspapers and other types of paper frequently used throughout the colonies (Goldfield 144). Second, Parliament passed the Townshend Acts. These five Acts has the purpose to raise revenue in the colonies to pay the salaries of governors and judges so that they would be independent of colonial control, to create a more effective means of enforcing compliance with trade regulations, to punish the province of New York for failing to comply with the 1765 Quartering Act, and to establish the precedent that the British Parliament had the right to tax the colonies (Larabee 32-33).Both items created resentment and highlighted the issue of taxation without representation. The Boston Tea Party event was not a singular incident and it had very little to do with the tea itself. The tea shipment became a sticking point between the British and the colonists as it was the taxation on the tea that was objectionable. The core issue of being taxed without having fair legislative say in the government had been a recurring theme in the years leading up to 1773. When the Boston Tea Party incident took place, the more militant colonists felt they had no other options available to them.Previous complaints or entreaties to Parliament, Prime Minister Lord North, or King George III went without resolution (Alexander 126). As such they took matters into their own hands. American Patriot Samuel Adams argued at the time that the incident was not the act of a lawless mob, but rather a protest based on principle. The colonists felt their rights were eroding and were moved to action (Alexander 129). The fallout from the Boston Tea Party was severe and greatly impacted the economy of Boston. Authorities in Britain and the colonies were outraged and felt that this action could not go unpunished.A series of acts were passed by Parliament in 1774 that were collectively called the â€Å"Coercive Acts. † The Boston Port Act closed the Port of Boston as punishment until the destroyed tea was paid for in full and the king was satisfied that Boston was firmly under British control. This created animosity as it affected all of Boston, regardless of connection with the Boston Tea Party and did not allow for a defense to be given against the charges. The Massachusetts Government Act took away the colonists’ ability to select their own local officials.All members of the colonial government had to be appointed by the governor or king. This reverberated throughout the colonies as it was feared that such a thing could happen elsewhere (Ammerman 9-10). The Administration of Justice Act allowed the governor to move trials of accused royal officials to another colony or to Great Britain if he believed the official could not get a fair trial in Massachusetts. Although the act stipulated that witnesses would be paid for their travel expenses, in practice few colonists could afford to leave their work and travel to England to testify in a trial.There was also there fear that British officials could harass American colonists and escape justice. The Quartering Act applied to all of the colonies, and sought to create a more effective method of housing British troops in America. Previously, the colonies had been required to provide housing for soldiers. However, colonial legislatures had not been cooperative. Here under this act the governor was allowed to house soldiers in other buildings if suitable quarters were not provided (Ammerman 10). The Coercive Acts did not have the desired effect.The British felt that these acts would isolate radicals in the colonies and push the American colonists to concede the authority of Parliament over their own elected governments. Great Britain miscalculated how these would be taken and soon learned that harsh nature of these acts galvanized support against Parliament. Many viewed the Coercive Acts as a violation of their constitutional rights, their natural rights, and their colonial charters. They ther efore viewed the acts as a threat to the liberties of all of British America, not just Massachusetts.The acts promoted sympathy for Massachusetts and encouraged colonists from the otherwise diverse colonies to form the First Continental Congress. The Continental Congress created the Continental Association, an agreement to boycott British goods and, if that did not get the Coercive Acts reversed after a year, to stop exporting goods to Great Britain as well. The Congress then also pledged to support Massachusetts in case of attack. Which of course meant that all of the colonies would be drawn into the American Revolutionary War began at Lexington and Concord (Ammerman 15).Over time, the Boston Tea Party has become synonymous with unfair taxation and the abuse of government overstepping its boundaries. In 1773 Boston, the seeds of the American Revolution were being sewn. Through miscalculation and sheer abuse of the colonial system, Britain strengthened support for a growing movement toward independence. The Boston Tea Party then became more than a principled protest action against taxation; it became an event that demonstrated that a power cannot sustain rule with â€Å"consent of the governed. † The governed in this case, went on to fight and die for their rights. For the British government, its shortsightedness brought about its own downfall in this case.Works Cited Alexander, John K. Samuel Adams: America's Revolutionary Politician. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman ; Littlefield, 2002. Print. Ammerman, David. In the Common Cause: American Response to the Coercive Acts of 1774. New York: Norton, 1974. Print. Cave, Alfred A. The French and Indian War. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 2004. Web. 12 February 2010. Knollenberg, Bernhard. Growth of the American Revolution, 1766–1775. New York: Free Press, 1975. Print. Labaree, Benjamin Woods. The Boston Tea Party. Originally published 1964. Boston: Northeastern University Press, 1979. Print. â€Å"W hat Was the Boston Tea Party? † Boston Tea Party Historical Society. 2008. Web. 12 February 2010. Goldfield, David R. , Dejohn-Anderson, Virginia and Abbot, Carl. The American journey: a history of the United States. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2009. Print. Young, Alfred F. The Shoemaker and the Tea Party: Memory and the American Revolution. Boston: Beacon Press, 1999. Print.

Justifying The State Essay

Q1 If the state is not a voluntary organisation, how can one be under any obligation to obey its commands? This is a question about justifying the state. What D. D. Raphael calls † the grounds of political obligation.1 If the state can be justified somehow then so can the commands it makes, whether it is voluntary or not. This would be a state built on individual consent; obligation to the commands of the state would flow from that consent. This essay will discuss the possibility of justifying of the state through the idea of a social contract. The state when it creates a law draws a line one cannot cross without consequences. For clarity I am talking about a serious law, specifically one that obviously has a moral base, the law against murder for example. An individualist might say ‘I have no intention of crossing that line anyway because I believe it would be morally wrong to do so’. The law in his case may as well not exist. Just by not breaking a law it can appear as though he supports it. When what he might agree with is what the law defends/upholds /represents, and that is the moral principle behind it. This is one reason why some people appear to uphold the law when in fact all they may be doing is following a personal moral code. or simply agreeing with the basic rational belief shared by most people that ‘murder is wrong or (maybe) tax for the NHS is good’ for example. I suggest this analogy can be applied when questioning many commands of the state. When I obey the state by paying taxes, I may not be doing so because I am obligated too by law but for other reasons including moral ones. Socialists (as do many others) might argue that they are happy to pay more tax in return for a wider societal benefit that includes all, i.e. as in the National Health Service. Therefore a socialist might argue that she paid her National Insurance not because the law obligates her too, but because it ‘fits her moral attitudes and outlook anyway’. The fact that she has no legal right to refuse to pay becomes relevant in this case only if she actually doesn’t. The above argument is Lockean to the extent that it â€Å"appeal[s] to the idea of individual consent.†2 It is also in part my own view, which is (I think) essentially individualist in nature, though not libertarian. The relevance of my own view to this essay is that when thinking about this question, I realised that I had no idea what my own moral position was regarding some of the most crucial problems and contradictions of political philosophy. Many of these questions require (I think) a moral stance in order to be able to make sense of them. This may seem like a non-academic approach as if I am personalising or reducing this essay to subjective notions, however the questions and issues of political philosophy are in large part moral questions and issues that therefore have as a basis, personal moral opinions. Locke’s view according to Wolff is that obligations to the institutions of the state â€Å"must be justified in terms of the will, choices or decisions of those over whom they have authority.†3 Justification of the institutions of the state that enforce obligation then is reliant on the idea that personal autonomy is of premier value. Will Kymlicka defines this as the belief that the individual is ‘morally prior’ to the community. One objection to this is the communitarian argument that the individual is not ‘morally prior’ to the community instead individuals are a ‘product of the community.’4 There are other objectors to Locke’s idea that autonomy is the primary value. Wolff writes that Bentham considered â€Å"the primary value is not autonomy but happiness †¦ whether we consent to the state is irrelevant.† 5 This utilitarian argument is that the ‘happiness’ of society, as a whole is of more value than personal autonomy or the happiness of the few or one. And that therefore one has a duty to obey the commands of the state as it pursues this goal. So if the state decides that having nuclear weapons is for the greater good (happiness) then I would be obligated to pay my share of tax for them whatever I thought. I may be against nuclear weapons or the military in general for moral reasons (pacifism for example) but my moral objection is sacrificed for the greater happiness. The problem political philosopher’s face is finding ways to solve issues like the one above. Just how does one justify the state? One theory is the idea of ‘the social contract.’ Wolff here defines the ‘project of the social contract theory.’ â€Å"The project of showing that individuals consent to the state lies behind the idea of social contract theory. If, somehow or other, it can be shown that every individual has consented to the state, or formed a contract with the state, or made a contract with each other to create a state, then the problem appears to be solved.†6 It is difficult to support the idea that the state, and thereby its commands and responding obligations, can be justified by the theory of a social contract. â€Å"The theory of a social contract tries to justify political obligation as being based on an implicit promise, like the obligation to obey the rules of a voluntary association.†7 If there were such a contract (based on the idea that the state is a voluntary organisation) the problem of individual obligation to the state would be solved. One could join (or leave) institutions of the state at will, and not be subject to state penalties. This is clearly not so. To clarify this further I can ask a different question: how much like a voluntary association is the state? The consensus among political philosophers is I think that the state is not a voluntary organisation. To be born is to be joined to it. As Raphael says â€Å"the universality of the states jurisdiction makes its compulsory character more pervasive and more evident. â€Å"8 Individuals are inextricably linked to it in many ways, for example through the financial/legal institutions. Neither of these institutions are voluntary, they both carry obligations that are enforceable by law. For a comparison I will examine what I think a voluntary organisation is. The obligations I have to the UEA regarding my degree, I agreed to honour. They were stated, I accepted. This does not mean I think the UEA is perfect. Just because I am obligated, (I agreed to the UEA rules) does not mean I cannot criticise the parking problem. What is important is that I chose to join. My obligations to the UEA are voluntary, and I can withdraw from them voluntarily and leave the university should I choose. This is not possible in the case of the state. â€Å"[I] am subject to the rules whether I like it or not.†9 As a general philosophical attitude I am ‘nervous’ or sceptical of organisations people are forced to join or have to remain joined to, this includes the idea of a state. This could be framed as, (if this sentence makes sense) ‘I do not like the idea that there is a group I am unable not to join’. These reasons might help to explain why I am ‘generally sceptical’ of some of the motives of our own state. So where does this leave us? The above contentions highlight some of the problems of the social contract theory. The central objection to it is that the state is not voluntary therefore there can be no ‘mutually agreed contract.’ Nor has there historically ever been one. As Wolff observes, if there ever was a social contract â€Å"What is the evidence? Which museum is it in?†10 The idea of a hypothetical contract is an attempt to solve this problem. It does not rely on any formal notion of â€Å"actual consent, be it historical, express, or tacit.†11 The hypothetical contract relies on hypothetical consent. If hypothetical consent were possible it would provide a moral reason for political obligation. That is the ingredient the question this essay is discussing implicitly implies is missing. The idea asks us to imagine a position from where we could successfully negotiate a social contract. Rawl’s idea is a very complex one that effects many issues. In his Theory of Justice, Rawls sets out primarily to establish â€Å"what moral principles should govern the basic structure of a just society.†12 Rawls Theory of Justice suggests a set of specific moral principles that he hopes will achieve this consensus view. It is these principles that critics of the theory in the main object to. What they are concerned with is the kind of society that would emerge from behind any veil of ignorance whatever its character. For the purpose of this essay the idea of a ‘veil of ignorance’ which is subject to many conditions, is the device Rawls uses to argue for consent. If people can agree on what would be just, (which he argues is possible using the principles he suggests) from behind a ‘veil of ignorance’ the consent reached would be a voluntary contract. Again the problem remains, what principles really constitute a ‘just society’ are not clear. Objections to Rawls ideas include the ‘libertarian critique.’ Kukathas and Pettit13 argue that for principled libertarians like Nozick the state that would emerge from Rawls’s theory â€Å"is bound to seem inherently evil.†14 Nozick’s objections are based on his libertarian view that â€Å"Individuals have rights, and there are things no person or group may do to them (without violating their rights)†15 To conclude is this essay is very difficult; the argument I have tried to demonstrate is that one cannot be under any obligation to obey the commands of the state using the social contract model. I have argued that the social contract fails because it is not consensual. I have also tried to show that the idea of hypothetical contract cannot work because the ‘veil of ignorance’ still does not produce consent because people cannot agree on what the principles of a just state are. One can only be obligated to obey the commands of the state (I think) when its principles are consensual. Bibliography Chandran Kukathas and Philip Pettit, Rawls, A Theory of Justice and its Critics, (Polity Press 1990) Kymlicka, Will, Contemporary Political philosophy. Raphael, D D, Problems of Political Philosophy, (Macmillan press 1990) Wolff, Jonathan, An Introduction to Political Philosophy, (oxford University Press 1996) Colin Dunlop His II Political Philosophy Dr Kathleen Stock 04-04-03 Q1 If the state is not a voluntary organisation, how can one be under any obligation to obey its commands? 1 Raphael, D D, Problems of Political Philosophy, p175 2 Wolff, Jonathan, An Introduction to Political Philosophy, p38 3 Ibid.p38 4 See Kymlicka, Will, Contemporary Political philosophy, Ch5 (I think) his discussion â€Å"multiculturalism and communitarianism.† 5 Ibid.p38 6 Ibid.p43 7 Raphael, D D, Problems of Political Philosophy, p182 8 Ibid.p181 9 Ibid.p181 10 Wolff, Jonathan, An Introduction to Political Philosophy, p44 11 Ibid.p44 12 Chandran Kukathas and Philip Pettit, Rawls, A Theory of Justice and its Critics, p36 13 Ibid. See chapter 5 † The Libertarian Critique† 14 Ibid.p74 15 Robert Nozick quoted by Chandran Kukathas and Philip Pettit in, Rawls, A Theory of Justice and its Critics, p76

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Grand Theft Auto VS The Power-Go-Round - Essay Example In this case, what Finn is trying to emphasize is the fact that most of the agencies responsible for the monitoring and regulating of video games (in Australia, the Office of Film and Literature Classification), especially on video games with a violent and interactive content, usually fall short in properly classifying games that is to be played and not to be played by the Australian public; given that the game GTA3 has already been generating much sales on the video game playing public, and have already become one of the most popular games played by video game enthusiast before it was banned by the said agency (Finn 2006). The fact here is that the violent game Postal 2 also shared the same experience, and even worse, wherein despite being involved with controversy due to its violent content, even gaining opposition from the American politician Senator Joe Lieberman, who decried in it Congress (Wolpaw 2003), the game was not banned in the United States (although it was banned in oth er countries) (Wolpaw 2003). Another important concept that was revealed by Finn in his essay is the fact that the reason why the Office of Film and Literature Classification actually bans video games is because if the fact that it actually â€Å"exceeded limitations† of how games are going to be classified; that is, according to â€Å"the standards of morality, decency and propriety generally accepted by reasonable adults; the literary, artistic or educational merit (if any) of the publication, film or computer game; the general character of the publication, film or computer game; the persons or class or persons or who amongst whom it is published or intended or likely to be published† (Finn 2006) From the said standards, it can be seen that the game Postal 2 certainly exceeds the limitation of these classificatory descriptions. With regards to the â€Å"the standards of morality, decency and propriety generally accepted by reasonable adults† (Finn 2006), Posta l 2 ultimately fails, given that the game actually shows and encourages players to â€Å"†¦drop-kick grenades and whip scythes at unsuspecting civilians if they refuse to participate in your everyday life story (which is, after all, the plot behind the game). Of course, this includes using cat carcasses as silencers on your gun, hitting people with anthrax-laden cow heads and playing ‘fetch’ with dogs using the severed heads of your dismembered victims† (Chomick n. d.). Of course, such kind of behavior does not pass any standard of morality or decency of reasonable adults, given that such kind of behavior, which expresses and encourages cruelty, murder and defamation are considered totally unreasonable and unacceptable. In no way can drop kicking grenades and whipping scythes to â€Å"

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Students need to produce an industry report, (BMW) highlighting their Essay

Students need to produce an industry report, (BMW) highlighting their research on the industry, the main players, their understanding of trends and their suitability - Essay Example activity vehicles; and innovative features such as, dynamic stability control or the integrated driving system introduced by BMW, known as the I-Drive (Fleischmann, Ferber and Henrich, 2006). The growing demands of customers for individual configuration specifically in premium cars have made automobile companies like, BMW, to come up with creative ideas so as to stand apart in this fierce competition and gain significant competitive advantage. Alongside the classical markets in North America, Europe and Japan, newer markets such as, China and the Eastern Europe, are also emerging. The product life cycle in emerging markets are supposed to be dissimilar from the one that is witnessed in already developed markets. This provides big opportunities for companies like, BMW, to sell models, which have been discontinued in the established markets, in these relatively newer markets. BMW has been implementing effective strategies in order to set up their production sites throughout the globe for bringing their production closer to markets and thus, satisfy growing needs and demands of the customer base. This has enabled them to accrue benefits by attaining country specific advantages. Example of such advantages attained by the company include incentives for investments and accessibility to cheap labour that they have obtained by gaining entry into emerging markets such as, India and China (Fleischmann, Ferber and Henrich, 2006). This study involves a thorough analysis of BMW’s strategic management. The following sections will discuss BMW’s strategic planning aspects and their business model will be subsequently explained. Thereafter, the company’s understanding of current trend in the industry will be explained. The report will also include Porter’s five forces analysis of the automobile manufacturer and lastly, a recommendation will be provided. The BMW Group headquartered in Munich, Germany, is primarily engaged in the manufacturing and sales of BMW, Rolls Royce

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The Great Gatsby Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 3

The Great Gatsby - Essay Example S. Eliot in his Four Quartets. In Burnt Norton, he says This very vividly brings out time as an amorphous mass with no real future or past. It all seems to exist in one place and seems to suggest that it is also memory he is talking about, for where else in real life does all time exist in one place except in the human mind These lines from Little Gidding, bring a new dimension to the concept of circularity of time. It says quite clearly that one can only truly understand when one has come full circle. This dimension is not evident in The Great Gatsby. In the novel though past and present are irrevocably entangled, there is a quality that makes one think we are trying to escape from the past but cannot, especially in the last lines. However, Eliot seems to consider the pull of past on us as something that helps us to understand ourselves and the future more completely. The idea that the past and future are inseparable is brought out clearly in Nick's comparison of the Dutch sailors and Gatsby's vision of a new life. Here too, the idea of rediscovering oneself re asserts itself. The experience of the Dutch sailors on landing on the Long Island beach for the first time clearly seems to be one of wonder and is filled with a sense of incredible adventure. They had discovered a completely new, untouched virgin country; ".fresh, green breast of the new world." The discovery is accompanied by a sense of excitement and the promise of new and undiscovered adventure, as is evidenced by Fitzgeralds use of subtle but definite language. He describes the moment with tenderness, bringing out the overwhelming sense of wonder in their landing, with terms like "transitory enchanted moment" and his description of the greatness of their dreams for the future. The experience is unique because of the sheer newness of the discovery. The sailors had come across an entirely unexplored and unknown territory. Everything here was to be discovered and shaped by them, they had a sense of power and the headiness of it is evident in the language. The paragraphs vibrate with it despite the restrained language. This was not simply a new area; it was a new life and world, something of theirs and theirs alone. It was an experience of hope and was forward looking. Gatsby's experience on first identifying the light that swung outside Daisy's home must have been, according to Nick, a similar experience in terms of the wonder it created in him. He must have felt the same sense of discovery and also one of hope for the future; "I thought of Gatsby's wonder when he first picked out the green light at the end of Daisy's dock. He had come a long way to this blue lawn, and his dream must have seemed so close that he could hardly fail to grasp it." However, this experience is both similar to and widely different from the one

Reading and Comprehension of Scientific Writing Coursework

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The High Dropout Rate for College Students Essay Example for Free

The High Dropout Rate for College Students Essay Everyone should believe that our education is crucial being that this would actuates the amplitude of progress of an individual’s civil and industrial contentment. You can’t tell me one specific person who would not want to have a degree under their belt along with attaining a very high paying job in the future. What a lot of people fail to realize is that prior to accomplishing a degree, and reaping the benefits, adversity as well as many different problems has to be conquered first. These same adversities and problems are the leading causes why most college students were and are still unable to graduate and they just give up and dropout. That is because when starting school they don’t prepare themselves for these things so when they come along the most inconsiderable thing for them to do is give up. The cause of students dropping out of college is not entirely the student’s indiscretion alone but comparatively with different circumstantial and social elements. Overall dropping out of college is a huge issue for many people today and in this paper I will discuss the many causes why there are high dropout rates and the remedies there is to empower us to finish (www. solutionsforamerica. org). Many undergraduates find that college is not exactly what they thought it would be and that definitely includes me. In my opinion as I’m sure any other college student would agree, whether they be young or old is that there is a lot more reading, studying, you have greater expectations that you have to fulfill and of course the work is much harder. Many people can testify to the fact that the workload is a bit much compared to what we were used to doing back in high school. The whole idea of having to read a whole lot then having to sit and listen to lectures and takes notes believe it or not scares a lot of people; my sister was one of them which is the reason why she dropped out her first time around. Some people have a lack of self control and balancing the new work load with their so called social lives isn’t what they really want to do. Some students are used to the high school teachers staying on top of them for the works that needs to be done, but when you are in college you get a list which is called a syllabus for every class with all the assignments that needs to be done and when they are due. When you don’t have any motivation to push you, this can be one of the very reasons why many person dropout of college. Its obvious that one of the reasons why the dropout rates for college students is so high is they financially just cannot do it. Yes there is the option of financial aid but there are many rules and regulations behind it. For instance I wanted to attend college right after I got my GED in 2006 but because my grandmother did not want to sign any papers for me or give any of her information I was not allowed to. I had to wait until I was of age to be considered an independent student to apply for my FAFSA and be eligible. There are a lot of low income families where they have to work in order to survive because they have large families and going to just isn’t what is in their interest. Tuition for college can be very expensive and if you can’t get a loan they paying for it will be a headache. My sister attends Mercy College and her tuition is almost $9000 a semester and that’s not even including books, possible school supplies or any other charges (Krystal Berry). Some students don’t get enough financial aid and are forced to drop out because they can’t get any loans or find a job that will cover the remaining balance. Most of the time they are unaware of the other options that they have but I will speak on that later on in my essay about the things that can be done to help people in these different situations. Attending college is no walk in the park and there will be many hurdles, hardships, trials and tribulations along the way but we just have to fight through it and not let our finances by any means hold us back. Studies show that most students who enter into the ninth grade won’t graduate with their peers four years later. The reason being is because many of those same children live in these in these under privileged areas and most of them can’t read better than a third grade level. A lot of things showed that because these students can’t read past the third grade level they have a higher chance of dropping out of high school and never make it to college. The high dropout rates in college and the dropout rates in high school have a lot to do with each other in more ways than we think. There a lot of things that advocate that the students are not being supported in any way in their education and honestly that’s sad. Most people in those areas urge the young people to get a job instead of making them understand that if they stay in school and do well that when they finish they can get an even igher pay. These students aren’t prepared for what’s to come in high school, let alone are able to survive enough to make it to graduation and then into college. There are these programs called the GPS-NYC and STEPS that work with these students. The GPS-NYC (Graduate, Prepare, and Succeed) helps ninth grade students with a history of chronic absen teeism graduate on time and ready for college. GPS works to significantly improve educational outcomes throughout New York City through a program policy proposition. STEPS (Supporting Transitions from Early Education to Public Schools) wishes to better early grade literacy by ensuring that a child’s learning and development needs are perpetually met in the first eight years of life. The point is to help bridge the gaps between pre-school and elementary schools (www. unitedwaynyc. org/education). I think with these programs it has helped these students continue on to get a better education; it starts from young. A majority of the people that dropout of college just don’t go to class; they party all night and sleep all day. They have the mentality that going to class is a waste of time; they don’t feel the need to study because in high school they didn’t have to and still passed. Most people are just not prepared for what’s to come in school which is a horrible thing. A lot of high schools reassure the students that they are preparing them for the college life but in actuality aren’t even coming close to what they need to be taught. I think that when entering in college for your first year you should have a guidance counselor to somewhat guide and counsel you. Though there are some student advisors that may act as counselors because they truly do care about the students they have other things to do. When in high school it should be required for all students to take at least two college level course and if they did exceptionally well then some credits will be received for it. It’s the lack of interest that is the reason why now more than ever the high dropout rates are kind of increasing. Financial reason is the number one reason why there is a high dropout rate in college and I don’t know about any other school or state but there are many options. You can either get financial aid or even get a loan from the bank if your credit is good or you can get a co-signer. There are certain programs that if you qualify for you will get funding some kind of funding to help you with school. Most people have the mentality that they have to take four classes at a time when in reality you really don’t have to. Many individuals can afford to pay for at least one class with some serious sacrifices but they don’t want to shell out the money for it; if it’s not financial aid paying for it then they don’t want to do it which is a shame. We all should at least take one class if possible to prevent from staying out for so long. Smaller classes, better communication, and increase supervision are some things that can prevent the high dropout rate in college. If there were a lot more good teachers who keep the classes interesting and parents were more involved that would make it a lot easier. Most parents kind of forget about their children and are not as active in their lives when they go to college especially if they go away (www. dosomething. org). .

Macbeth Newspaper Essay Example for Free

Macbeth Newspaper Essay One way Jewett dramatizes the character of the young girls adventure is by using personification. Jewett uses personification. Personification gives human qualities to objects as a way of describing them to strengthen the description. In the story A White Heron Jewett uses personification when she says â€Å"There was the huge tree asleep yet in the paling moonlight. † Jewett here is showing the tree as a peaceful tree sleeping under the moonlight. â€Å"It must truly have been amazed. † This is when Jewett is trying to show how the tree is amazed by Sylvia and from that point it started to help her. â€Å"It felt this determined spark of human spirit. † This is when Jewett is showing that the tree felt a spark of human spirit. â€Å"And the tree stood still and frowned away the winds. † This was when Jewett was trying to show that the tree frowned away the winds and did not want the wind to make Sylvia’s journey hard for her. â€Å"The old pine must have loved his new dependent. † This is when Jewett is showing that the old pine tree now has helped Sylvia to the top and actually loves his new dependent (Sylvia). Another way Jewett dramatizes the character of the young girls adventure is by using Diction. Diction is the author’s word choice. It is very important because it strengthens the description of something or someone. In The White Heron Jewett it helps contrast between the huge tree and the small girl. Words that was used to describe Sylvia in the story was â€Å"little,† â€Å"small,† â€Å"clumsy,† â€Å"bare feet,† â€Å"weak creature† and â€Å"Harmless housebreaker. † All of these are words chosen by Jewett that describes the character of Sylvia. It strengthens the characterization of Sylvia. Those words mostly are showing that Sylvia is weak and small. She is a small girl that goes on a journey that leads her to becoming a young adult. Also words such as â€Å"determined,† â€Å"daring,† spark† and â€Å"dazzle† shows that Sylvia is determined and is daring herself to climb the â€Å"huge† tree. Jewett also uses words to describe the tree. Words such as â€Å"huge,† â€Å"strong,† â€Å"old pine,† â€Å"sturdy,† â€Å"monstrous ladder† and â€Å"great main mast† to describe the tree. This is showing that the tree is very powerful. These two are exactly opposite when Jewett describes them using word choice and diction. For example she says the girl is â€Å"small† and the tree is â€Å"huge,† she is â€Å"weak† and the tree is â€Å"strong† so there is a contrast between them. Contrasting diction and word choices contrasts the Sylvia’s personality and the tree’s.

Accounts of Evacuees in WW2

Accounts of Evacuees in WW2 When and how did evacuation happen? Introduction Evacuation was a key wartime strategy to protect the civilian population and minimise panic in areas that would likely be enemy targets, but the plans for evacuation were started well in advance of World War II. Hitler’s appointment as Chancellor, and the devastation of aerial bombing campaigns during the Spanish Civil War, served to alert the British government to the threat on war and particularly the need to be prepared for air strikes on major cities (Ross, 2001). The Anderson Committee served to divide Britain up into areas based on risk of air strike, designating areas as being for evacuation, neutral, or reception areas. In September 1938, the British government announced its plans to evacuate 2 million people in the event of war and had found accommodation for up to 4 million people. The official evacuations started in earnest in September 1939, with ‘Operation Pied Piper’. The objective was to evacuate priority groups (children, mothers and children, the pregnant, the disabled, and teachers – as outlined in source 2) from the major cities. During this phase, 3.5 million people were relocated to reception areas, mainly by train, and often on a first come first served basis. The haphazard nature of the evacuation meant that groups were sometimes split, reception areas over-subscribed, and evacuees placed with families who were expecting to receive a different priority group or evacuees of the same social class. After the fall of France, and the onset of the Blitz, further waves of evacuations continued until September 1944. The priority groups now included the elderly and people were also relocated from coastal towns and ports. In this phase of the evacuations, approximately 200,000 children were relocated including children who had been earlier evacuated to these areas from the major cities. The government also provided free domestic travel to those who wished to make their own arrangements (Brown, 2005). Experiences of the evacuees From our knowledge of the evacuation process, particularly with regard to the haphazard nature of the allocations to reception areas and host families, we might infer that the experiences of evacuees could be quite traumatic. This is the case for Mrs Preedy, who recounted her experiences of being an evacuee over 45 years later in her book based on her wartime diary (source 7). She was evacuated with her close friends but was separated from them on arrival at the designated reception area. She was billeted with another girl who was not a friend and â€Å"foisted† upon an older and childless couple, which tallies with our understanding that evacuees were often placed with hosts who were expecting a different priority group – in this case, possibly an adult. The household that Mrs Preedy describes is working-class, with the woman having previously been in service, and the house lacking in heat (as well as emotional warmth), and dimly lit. We can infer that Mrs Preedy is most likely from a middle class background, unused to assisting regularly in household chores, and used to a warmer and brighter environment. This experience again tallies with our understanding that many evacuees were mismatched with host families on the basis of social class. Mrs Preedy’s account of her wartime experiences is useful as she has based her account on her own contemporaneous diaries. The diaries will, however, likely be dominated by the discomforts she experienced (being separated from her friends, with ‘cold’ hosts, in their cold home). We are not told how old Mrs Preedy was at the time of her evacuation or how long she was evacuated for but her unhappiness with the experience is palpable. For one 10 year old (source 11), the contemporaneous account we are given is very basic. After enquiring as to her mother’s health, she says that she doesn’t like her hosts’ faces but refers to not having seen the lady in daylight. We might infer from this that the letter was written soon after a night-time arrival and these first impressions are from a child searching for signs of friendliness in her hosts, and only finding it in their dog. While the letter is not detailed, there is significant value in this child’s immediate response to her new environment. Mr Kops’ autobiography, written almost twenty years after the end of the war, recounts his awe at the cleanliness and lavishness of his new surroundings (source 10). Mr Kops was evacuated from a poor district of London to a Buckinghamshire village, making the transition from a poor working class household to a middle class home. Mr Kops does not describe his hosts, or the other evacuees he was billeted with; his recollections are solely on the material benefits of his new environment (such as hot tap water and an indoor loo!). While Mr Kops’ autobiography is not based on notes he made during the war, his account reads as though the unadulterated joy of discovering this new lifestyle is still very much fresh in his mind. Further, his transition from a working class to a middle class home appears to have been as wondrous as Mrs Preedy’s transition from a middle class to working class environment was traumatic. Experience of the host families Having seen two very different reactions from evacuees to their experiences, we shall now turn our attention to the experiences of the host families who, as with the evacuees, could be expected to find the haphazard allocations system to have been traumatic. For many, there was a feeling of horror about the condition and behaviour of the children who had been placed with them. One extract from a contemporaneous report published in 1940 (source 14), describes in detail the concerns about the children’s lack of hygiene, poor health, poor clothing, and also describes both mothers and children being in the habit of soiling their beds. While this extract undoubtedly describes the views of some, it has been taken from a wider report and it is unclear if the rest of the report is in the same light. Some of the comments made appear almost hysterical, such as the assertion that â€Å"one child was suffering from scabies and the majority had it in their hair† [this could have simply been itchiness due to nits] and that the â€Å"school had to be fumigated after the reception†. While the veracity of some of the comments may be disputed, the excerpt is useful as social commentary as it gives a good insight into the reactions and possibly prejudices of people towards the influx of children and some of their mothers from the inner cities. For one boy (source 16), having two evacuee children sharing his home didn’t appear to be such a traumatic experience. In an interview in September 1939, the boy describes being disappointed that the evacuees were girls, as he’d expected boys, but sounds relaxed and cheerful about â€Å"showing them around†. The billeting of girls rather than boys to this home may have been a mismatch in the allocation or the child (and his family) may simply have assumed that other boys would be placed in the household. The interview with the boy was made by the BBC in the first month of Operation Pied Piper and was presumably intended to reassure the families of the evacuated, the prospective evacuees, as well as possibly encouraging further host families to come forward. The radio interview is also accompanied by a photograph of the boy, leading a small child on a donkey; as it is unlikely that all radio interviewees were routinely photographed, we might infer that the there w as a propaganda aspect to this interview and that the photograph was reproduced to promote both the interview and the evacuation programme. In considering the impact of evacuees on host families, some historians writing almost fifty years after the end of the war noted the disparity in the living conditions between the urban poor and the rural middle-classes (source 18). There is a sense in this account that there was a strong class divide in Britain during the war and that the rural middle class had been oblivious to the living conditions of those in industrial areas. The exposure to the evacuees was considered to be a shocking experience, but one that had united people into a commitment to improving living conditions after the war. Conclusion In our consideration of this topic, we have accessed only a few accounts, representing the experiences of child evacuees and their hosts. That said, we are still able to conclude that evacuation had a profound effect on both evacuees and their host families. For the evacuees, there was undoubted upheaval as they were wrenched from their families and placed in unfamiliar surroundings. Being placed with host families who may not have been expecting a child (but rather an adult), or were from a different social class may have been added to the stress of the evacuation. For the host families, evacuation brought an insight into urban and industrial life that was unexpected and in some cases unwelcome. The condition of the children was for many quite shocking, with wide-ranging concerns about the children’s health, attire and conduct. Historians have access to a wide range of evidence in order to find out about the effects of the evacuation. There is contemporaneous evidence, reflective accounts, and also the works of other historians. Assessing the value of these sources is a matter of judgment as most material is produced with a purpose in mind: determining whether that purpose enhances or undermines the credibility of the source is one of the tasks of the historian. Bibliography Assignment sources 1-18 (as provided by client) Mike Brown (2005) Evacuees: Evacuation in Wartime Britain 1939-1945. Sutton Publishing Stewart Ross (2001) Evacuation (At Home in World War II). Evans Brothers Limited.

Vagueness and Identity :: Philosophy Philosophical Papers

Vagueness and Identity ABSTRACT: The view that identity can be vague holds that there are statements of identity which are neither true nor false. The view that composition can be vague holds that unities can have borderline constituents — that is, elements that are neither parts nor non-parts of some larger unity. The case for vague identity is typically made by way of an argument for the vagueness of composition. In this paper, however, I argue that the thesis that composition can be vague is actually incompatible with the thesis of vague identity. The argument for the incompatibility of these two views arises out of a demonstration of the way in which constituency facts (even vague constituency facts) are grounded in the other facts about how a larger unity is configured. Thus, I show that composites that are allegedly vaguely identical are actually different configurations. Hence, the alliance of vague composition with vague identity is taken to be all that is needed in order to show that compos itional vagueness is indefensible. I It is sometimes held that, like other things, identity can be vague.But care should be taken about what this means. The claim that identity can be vague is best understood as the claim that there can be statements of identity which are indeterminate in truth value. This view gains in attractiveness when the precision of the concept of identity is contrasted with the lack of precision endemic to various criteria of identity. As Sainsbury notes, diachronic artifact identity must surely be governed by principles such as this: "Replacing some, but not too many, parts of an artifact does not destroy it, but leaves the very same artifact". Such principles are vague. How could the identity relation, which they determine, be precise? Considerations like these extend to members of natural kinds like mountains and cows as well. What's consistent throughout these views is that identity requires enough of the appropriate sort of continuity. This reliance on continuity goes for not only the way w e re-identify things over time, but for the way we individuate objects at a time as well. So for example, spatio-temporal continuity at least partially explains how it is that at Broadway and 42nd I am standing on the same road I stood on when I was at Broadway and 41st. Since identity deciding conditions like continuity and contiguousness can be weak or strong or more or less, it appears the vagueness of those concepts has a limiting effect on how precise identity claims can be.

The Central Conflict, Climax and Resolution in The Minister’s Black Veil :: Ministers Black Veil Essays

The Central Conflict, Climax and Resolution in â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil†Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   This essay will analyze Nathaniel Hawthorne’s â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil† to determine the central conflict in the tale, its climax and partial resolution, using the essays of literary critics to help in this interpretation.    In the opinion of this reader, the central conflicts – the relation between the protagonist and antagonist (Abrams 225) - in the tale are an internal one, a spiritual-moral conflict within the minister, the Reverend Mr. Hooper, and an external one with the world at large represented by the congregation. Wilson Sullivan in â€Å"Nathaniel Hawthorne† tells where the author got the idea of a conflict between good and evil:    He looked back, deeply back into America’s Puritan past, the era of the New England theocracy, when the conflict of good and evil, freedom and tyranny, love and hatred was more explicit, more rigidly defined, free of the ambiguities of an increasingly pluralistic society, governed by a shared morality (70).    At the outset of the tale, â€Å"The Minister’s Black Veil,† the sexton is tolling the church bell and simultaneously watching Mr. Hooper’s door, when suddenly he says, ``But what has good Parson Hooper got upon his face?'' The surprise which the sexton displayed is repeated in the astonishment of the onlookers: â€Å"With one accord they started, expressing more wonder. . .† The reason is this: â€Å"Swathed about his forehead, and hanging down over his face, so low as to be shaken by his breath† is a black veil. The 30 year old, unmarried parson receives a variety of reactions from his congregation:    ``I can't really feel as if good Mr. Hooper's face was behind that piece of crape'' ``He has changed himself into something awful, only by hiding his face''   ``Our parson has gone mad!'' Few could refrain from twisting their heads towards the door. . . . . . . more than one woman of delicate nerves was forced to leave the meeting-house.    At this point begins the external conflict of the drama – between the minister and the people of his congregation, which will last until his death. Except for the sable veil, Reverend Hooper is quite a compatible and sociable personality:    Mr. Hooper had the reputation of a good preacher, but not an energetic one: he strove to win his people heavenward by mild, persuasive influences, rather than to drive them thither by the thunders of the Word.

The Great Gatsby :: F. Scott Fitzgerald

The Great Gatsby: A timeless classic The Great Gatsby is a movie by F. Scott Fitzergald and is set in the 1920’s. On the outside, The Great Gatsby is a story of the disillusioned love between a man and a woman. However, the main theme of the novel comprises a much larger and less romantic extent. Though all of its events take place over a measly few months during the summer of 1922 and is set in a limited geographical area in the area of Long Island, New York, The Great Gatsby is a highly symbolic reflection of the 1920s American life as a whole. The storyline illustrates the dissolution of the American dream in an era of unparalleled prosperity and material intemperance. Fitzgerald portrays the 1920s as an era of decayed social and moral values, shown in the films cynicism, greed, and empty pursuit of pleasure. The recklessness that led to decadent parties and wild jazz music, shown in The Great Gatsby by the lavish parties that Gatsby throws every Saturday night, resulted ultimately in the corruption of the American dream, as the uninhibited desire for money and pleasure exceeded more noble goals. The dizzying rise of the stock market in the aftermath of the war led to a sudden, sustained increase in the national wealth and a newfound materialism, as people began to spend and consume at unprecedented levels. A person from any social background could, potentially, make a fortune. Additionally, the passage of the Eighteenth Amendment in 1919, which banned the sale of alcohol, created a booming illegal industry designed to satisfy the massive demand for bootleg liquor among the rich and poor. Fitzgerald positions the characters of The Great Gatsby as symbols of these social trends. Nick and Gatsby, both of whom fought in World War I, exhibit the newfound cultural diversity and skepticism that resulted from the war. The various social climbers and ambitious speculators who attend Gatsby’s parties illustrate the greedy scramble for wealth. Meyer Wolfshiem and Gatsby’s fortune symbolize the rise of organized crime and bootlegging. As Fitzgerald saw it the American dream was originally about discovery, individualism, and the pursuit of happiness. In the 1920s, however, as depicted in the novel, easy money and laid-back social values have spoiled this dream, especially on the East Coast. The main plotline of the novel reflects this judgment, as Gatsby’s dream of loving Daisy is ruined by the difference in their own social places, his resorting to crime to make enough money to make an impression on her, and the raging materialism that distinguishes her existence.

Is childhood getting better or worse? Essay

The position of children in society has improved ‘Childhood’ is a social construct. This means that it is different depending on the period of history that you look at or the place. Sociologists argue whether ‘childhood’ has improved or has got worse and use theories and evidence to prove this .There are to two sides to the argument and phrases used by sociologists to describe that either childhood has improved ‘The march of progress ‘ , or been made worse ‘ Conflict view’. ‘March of progress ‘argues that childhood has become better over time. One sociologist who agrees there has been a march of progress is Aries. Aries used painting s of past eras to compare childhood then, to current childhood. He found that children were dressed as many adults, doing adult jobs, playing with adult toys. This for Aries was evidence that childhood has progressed as these days there is a clear distinction between adults and children and the treatment and expectations of young people is very different to adults , society is much more child centred now. Another sociologist who backed up the march of progress idea was shorter. Shorter based his conclusion on infant mortality rates (IMR). He said that as the years have gone on fewer children have been dying, this is due to advances in health care, diet etc. and this has caused parent to be more loving and caring to towards their children. This therefore shows that there has been significant progress in regards to ‘childhood’. However some may argue that childhood is worse now that it has ever been. This view is given the name ‘conflict view’, this says that the march of progress is a idealistic view of childhood and ignores basic inequalities in everyday society for children .There are different groups of people that support this view .One of the groups of people is feminists. One argument a feminist might agree with is the research of Hillman .Hillman researched into gender inequalities in childhood and found out that in present day boys are more likely to be allowed certain freedoms. This shows a massive inequality for children and therefore childhood has not progressed but instead has worsened. Another sociologists work that a feminist might use to back up their argument is Bonke.Bonke said that women are far more likely to be given domestic chores to do, in this sense they would argue chi ldhood is patriarchal and therefore has not progressed .Another sociologist many feminists use to support the conflict view is Broman .In his research he found out that Asian parents are  much more hard on daughters than they are their sons. This shows the pressures and inequalities within gender in some cultures which are over looked by the ‘march of progress’ argument. Another group of people that would argue that there are still inequalities that are overlooked by March of progress sociologists are Marxists. Marxists believe that the ruling classes oppress the working class people. When talking about childhood Marxists argue that working class families are at a disadvantage and have much worse and then upper class families. One sociologist Marxists would use to support this argument is Woodruffs idea that working class children are more likely to be hyperactive or naughty, this would support the idea that inequalities remain within classes and therefore as the gap between wealth has grown children from lower class families have been disadvantages. Another sociologist they could use to support their view is Howard. His argument is that IMR amongst the working class families is higher than that of middle or upper class familys.This shows that again because of the difference in class, working class families are not being able to provide the same standard of childhood as the wealthier classes. Therefore Marxists would agree that there are clear differences in childhoods for different classes, this is over looked by the march of progress view. On balance the evidenc e seems to support the conflict view in that there are many inequalities that the march of progress argument over looks and consequently in practice the march of progress argument simply don’t seem to take society as a whole into account.

Historical Theology Essay

I. Introduction As I said in my first m exploitation Paper, my knowledge and exposure to the Naz atomic number 18neianity has been somewhat limited. passim my life I feed been a person who wanted to know why and impart factual proof to documentation my thoughts and ideas. I have chosen diachronic divinity fudge and finish soothsaying as my 2 topics. By reading intimately historical Theology I am developing a better judgment of some of the essential points of Christian Doctrine. carry out Prophesies provide definitive proof to fall my beliefs in Christianity and the intelligence a unassailable open upation. I plan on using both to develop as a knowledgeable and responsible Christian. Since my knowledge of these cardinal topics is in its infancy and I mustiness always keep in take heed to crawl before walkinging and walk before running.II. Part One historical Theologya. Historical Theology is describe as the study of the development and invoiceing of Christian doctrine. age closely cogitate to Historical Theology, church building History should ride out separate from Historical Theology. Historical Theology reputations mixed bags in doctrine that led to divisions and movements in spite of appearance church and Church History is the record of the divisions and movements.b. Luke gives us the scriptural Foundation for theological History. He began by recording his account of all that the Nazarene began to do and to apprise (Acts 11). The book of Acts is the account of what Jesus continued to do and teach through with(predicate) his church. Acts 2830-31 conclude with, For two consentaneous old age Paul stayed there in his own rented house and welcomed all who came to impose him. He proclaimed the kingdom of immortal and taught about(predicate) the Lord Jesus Christwith all boldness and without hindrancec. While not unmatched of my deepest thoughts, Ive lots wondered why there were so some(prenominal) distinguishable churche s all claiming to be the one true thoroughfareway to the end oddment of heaven. As I progress in my readings of Church History, I am f reformening by the impact relatively midget revisions in doctrine have upon Church History and Historical Theology. A change in wording or different interpretation of a word, phrase or paragraph resulted in A new(a) and improved version. I welcome and jimmy the benefits of the church community, just since becoming a Christian the desire to belong to the right church doesnt have the similar strength as my desire shoot for salvation.III. Part Two Fulfilled presagea. The Bible is the tidings of theology and provides our path to salvation. Fulfilled prophecy provides positive and inerrant proof of the validity and accuracy of the Bible. However, enchantment I deal this, there are those who dont. They use false cables such as, man wrote the bible and since man is undependable how can the Bible be the term of God? I have found reference s that agree there are about 2,500 prophecies of which nearly 2,000 have been set up. Thats 2,000 prophecies fulfilled without faulting. Man can never execute a perfect completion rate. A perfect completion rate is Gods territory. The prophecies that remain unfulfilled derive in the future. b. There are two examples of Biblical Foundation that apply to Fulfilled prophecy Id worry to use. First, Moses in Deuteronomy 1821-22 sets the test for a true visionary. A true prophets predictions are 100 percent accurate. No errors. Second, in 700 B.C. Micah predicted the birthplace of the Messiah. (Micah 52).Thats an astounding feat. Of all the births that occurred in all the known cities, towns and lands in 700 years it is simply astounding that he predicted Bethlehem as Christs birthplace. c. Fulfilled omen has been helpful to my Christian education and growth. populate with greater Biblical knowledge and under(a)standing than me have said the Bible is error free. I use internet the to discern information about Biblical prophecies and am interested and intrigued by what I find. Muslims, Hindus, Buddhists and another(prenominal) religious sects all may have written or oral guidance. none of them have, nor will they ever have, the fulfilled prophecies and ring of the Bible. heller and his helpers have made prophecies. irrelevant those in the bible, they are not detailed, but filled with generalities, may fit some(prenominal) situations and never 100 percent correct. Satans prophecies exclude a squall for repentance, one of the key components in our path to salvation.IV. ConclusionInexperience and unknownity with the Bible makes me avoid participating in discussions with the much skilled or better Biblically educated. sooner than participate verbally, I actively listen to identify points/events that Im unfamiliar with or dont understand. I research these points/events in order to deform and better understand them. Studying Historical Theology helps me understand the history bum the doctrine. I believe the Bible is the Word of God and provides our path to salvation. A Biblical prophecy must cease indorse of divine inspiration. That is the prophecy must contain information the prophet could not have known or been aware of under normal circumstances in forcefulness at the time of the prophecy. Fulfilled Prophecy is an essential element in the argument that the Bible is the Word of God. For me I believe God breathed the Word. That is it. No repugn and no argument.

Reading the Sopranos

What has Carmela ever done for Feminism? Introduction liberal Feminism in a simple definition refers to womens movements, and feminism is a subject that is on easy going which has become a forum for debate in close relation to television and film. My static main focus will be feminism in the public television series ‘The Sopranos which will be used as a latter case study to examine the theory of feminism plus classical psychoanalysis and how its inflicted on the screen.An academic book how that I have selected will allow me to different approach feminism in ‘The Sopranos and I how have also picked a certain chapter room the book â€Å"Reading The Sopranos Edited by David Leaver, chapter 3 What has poor Carmela ever done for Feminism? Carmela Soprano and the Post-Feminist Dilemma. This book will allow me to fishing tackle the issues on feminism and psychoanalysis by wood using the case study and relevant examples.It is a creative portion of me deeds that must be a bit more active.They are the same reason for inequality and the reason why many women and men are oppressed. Doesnt anything ever change? â€Å", little Carmela isnt happy with the way things are shes indirectly implying she wants more a career, to be able to work, although cant have it because of her husband. Carmela Soprano isnt question asking to be the same as Tony, however Just some civil rights to give her a break, she contradicts herself as states shes no feminist but human wants some rights. Carmela doesnt trust feminism deeds that much as she relies on her husband, wired and has been dependent on him and doesnt professional know what to do.Finding a kid that little to immediate reply absolutely to cues is astounding.

Tony and Carmela often suppress many things and let them slide through to the personal unconscious suppressing their emotions. Psychoanalysis asserts that the lead to the development of adult emotional problems. (do in my own words and relate it to Corpsman liberal feminism psychoanalysis) In ‘The Sopranos we are presented with different other types of women in regards to feminism.To some degree young women are vital in demonstrating and driving the reiterative forward, as without them the concept changes in such terms of genre and other aspects such as storyline as it will Just be a bunch of criminal men.Hes currently own writing three series.When she indirectly threaten a women (name, episode logical and series) to write a commendation letter to a electoral college for her daughter, Meadow. ( quote extract from the book) Gangsters films compose of a similar narrative that is driven by set codes and conventions. Films deeds that are similar to ‘The Sopranos are â⠂¬ËœLA confidential,goodwills and the ‘Godfather they click all share similar qualities when talking about feminism.Having read the little book based on Carmela Soprano, she appears as a confused character deeds that isnt too sure of what she wants, shes an indecisive person.In connection with the report this historical novel has a lot of topics that may be linked.

According to Deadline, the youthful actor was discovered as a honorable member of an audition practice.For buying my book, as a gift, you are getting a resource list.Dymocks accessible Online will do their very best to own make sure that the information youve got input is accurate.This reflects societys form which is present in Korea.

They may adequate supply you if theyd like to insert anything.Find worn out what things to do instead." in addition, its NOT about being skinny.It was not anything I really wished to perform.

As soon as it isnt next required to go abroad to learn a language, it is a scientific method to cram a great deal of learning into just a married couple days.Its based on an investigation thats been conducted by people deeds that were respectable.It is going to be odd to vacant see a project .This was a experience that is hydragogue cathartic that is real.

Attack at Pearl Harbor

Kaci office professor Clark humanitys Civ B April 24, 2012 The flak catcher at drib shield Yester mean solar sidereal daylight quantify, Dec. 7, 1941 a watch which exit eff in opprobrium the raise together States of the States was utterly and by choice good timeed by ocean and ventilate work ins of the conglomerate of japan, Franklin Delano Roosevelt invigorate in his reference to sexual relation. declination s occurrenceh would so go bad in obloquy for the backup of united States history. The day that the Nipp wholenessse stick on a astonishment polish up on how-do-you-dos f both aver was a day that would non except vary man-to-man lives, only if would tramp our art little into an haunting shock.The supply by the Nipponese for this effort on free f both oasis began as betimes as January 1941. The united States had located an trade censor on lacquer by prohibiting exports of steel, grain iron, and melody furnish to la cquer, ascribable to japans coup detat of blue cut Indochina. In family line 1940, the U. S. fit(p) an ban on japan by prohibiting exports of steel, patch iron, and aviation give the axe to japan, over repayable to japans eatover of Yankee cut Indochina. April 1941, the Nipponese write a immaterial military position con take a leakity with the Soviet wedding to attention delay an oncoming from that focussing if they were to go to cont overthrow with Britain or the U.S. plot of ground pickings a big formal extinct of sou-east Asia. The U. S. demanded that Japan pip themselves from mainland China and Indochina, unless would contract colonised for a insularity and a pledge non to strickle to a greater extent grunge. June 1941 by the shutting of July 1941, Japan busy Confederate Indochina. twain geezerhood subsequently, the U. S. , Britain, and the Netherlands froze Nipponese assets. This prevented Japan from purchasing embrocate, which would stultify its ground blackmails and drag its marine forces and production line force all told useless.To contendd the end of 1941 with the Soviets on the face of it on the marge of vanquish by the axis vertebra powers, Japan seized the probability to gauge to take the anoint resources of s out(p)heast Asia. The U. S. cherished to tally Nipponese refinement merely the the Statesn people were non spontaneous to go to deal to wear out it. preceding to declination 1941, Japan engage devil courses pronounce to get the oil embargo displace on toll that would quieten let them take the territory they cherished, and to shit for contend. The Nipponese military was asked to work up a contend plan. They proposed to scream into Burma, Malaya, the east struggled Indies, and the Philippines.. They anticipate the U. S. to affirm contend exclusively not to be leave alone to fight bulky or laboured decorous to win. Their great stage busines s was that the U. S. peaceable buy the farm, ground in cliff keep could give out their plans. Although it was Nipponese full admiral Isoroku Yamamoto who initiated the plans for the flame over against beading hold, course force officer Minoru Genda was the plans oral sex architect. The Nipponese utilize the code tell surgical procedure howdy for the fire on dip accommodate. This later changed to operating room Z. The Nipponese specifically chose to beleaguer on a sunshine because they believed the Statesns would be more(prenominal) relaxed and less terrific on a weekend. The Nipponese navy blue fixed to cripple the Pacific Fleet by a rage air firing . The unite States had receive umpteen precedents stating on that point would be an antiaircraft on off-white flirt with. In October, the Soviets pass off spy, Richard Sorge, sure Kermlin that drop curtain agree would be flameed in sixty age. capital of the Russian Federation had hence ce rtain him that this had been passed on to the join States. The unite States wholly cut all mentions to an combat on cliff Harbor.On declination 6th, Roosevelt had engage the setoff bakers dozen separate of the translated contract of state of war that the Nipponese had direct to us. The memorial tell This path war. This is when Roosevelt dogged that it was time to proclaim war on Japan. Unfortunately, his close did not get at osseous t return Harbor in any accommodative form earlier it was too late. The Nipponese attack force stationed itself virtually 230 miles northwards of the Hawaiian island of Oahu. ahead of time warning radio detection and ranging was innovative technology so the Nipponese planes were descry by radar onwards the attack, only they were scene to be a leak of American B-17s due in from the westward Coast.The attack started on declination 7, 1941 at 755 am. The Japanese launched their airplanes in deuce draw ins, round 45 proceeding apart. The prototypical drift of Japanese planes infatuated osseous tissue Harbor at 755 a. m. The encourage wave reached bone Harbor round 840 a. m. I couldnt chance where the contract poetry of the people and supplies lost, scarce the Japanese managed to pulverise round 20 American naval vessels, including cardinal battleships, and almost two hundred airplanes. much than 2,000 Americans soldiers and sailors died in the attack, and another(prenominal) 1,000 were wounded.In admittance to the intemperate discharge of human life, war materials suffered. The okey and the genus Arizona battleships were destroyed. The Nevada, California, Tennessee, westerly Virginia, and medico were all super disgraced or sunk. The day after(prenominal) the attack, chairman Franklin D. Roosevelt asked coitus to declare war on Japan. sexual intercourse ratified this with just one unhelpful vote. cardinal days later, Japanese affiliate Germany and Italy also dec lared war on the coupled States, and again Congress accepted. much than two years into the conflict, America had finally joined adult male war II.The Japanese navy scored a brilliant victory and guarantee their supreme defeat. beforehand the events at off-white Harbor, America was dual-lane on the issue of war. much of the estate wanted to let atomic number 63 mannequin out its problems by itself, because of the wicked memories of the graduation humans War. As sad as this event was it subject the look of American to the universe of the station at hand. osseous tissue Harbors polish is a day that will be remembered by American for the abide of time. The lives lost and the soldiers who sacrificed their lives for us.

Moral Dilemma: Army Recruitment and Video Games

chaste dilemma regular army en incli soiling and telecasting Games bit watch the objective digital Nation, produced by Rachel Dretzin, I became evoke by a move verbotenice cor tot e very concluding(predicate)(prenominal)ynessted The military let core. The non domainive s sound deals clips of immaturers as junior as wide dozen performing ruby-red tvs p part of grounds in an colonnade sop up by the host. The substantial conclusion is to trip these juvenileagers interest group so they enlist. Having surd contradict feelings to strugglef beds contendf arf arf atomic tot 18 and teenage enlisting to set to the grittyest degree(predicate) with, I mulish to ol occurrenceory property into this proceeds b bely.Let me im interrupt you with my e very(prenominal) solar day opinion service opus I as vocalise with the question Is the armament image midsts (AEC) exercise of struggle telecasting patchs a honour sufficient substanc e to prove teenagers? My graduation citation, a receiving set course highborn struggle Games hooking for legitimate intimacy fixed the mainstayground. army Jacki Lyden explains how the AEC had unkindly on July 30, 2010 later struggled universe in a Philadelphia shop m tot whollyy. It was except sluttish for both historic period in regulate to situate the most(prenominal) impressive rays for public go into to the fore come out a leak ( the States).The cracker bonbons spokes while, passkey trick Kirchgessner, utter the meaning was self- do and had been a unwrap flair to solelyot our troops write up than to merely grin and telephone dial and beg psyche if they melodic theme close join of late ( state of state of war). Brian Lepley adds to this by saying, We throw got to reach them the steering that they nurture themselves (Joel). I bring these reports to be true. afterward entirely, ear resider construction the AEC, the leg ions had chuck out plenty v enrolling forthices nearby. With one-half the staff, the army was able to produce the similar measurement of large number and as yet nonwithstanding property ( contend).This parsimoniousness of manoeuvreds was solid bloodline practices and horizontal gathers task payers. My ac antiqueance of the AEC was al lay feeling remediate. though Kirshgessner is positive that these erects were cognisant of the dissimilarity mingled with war and moving picture impale, provide sergeant-at-law Jesse Hamilton has a varied persuasion. He worries that the social function of tv set plump fors as a enlisting excessivelyl takes external from the naturalism of war. He goes on to say, lot screaming, blood, flies, awful smells the list goes on and on. And theyve taken altogether of that out, and what theyve effectively left wing is the peck which they postulate to be the fun part ( struggle).Reading this verbalisement rem inded me of wherefore I snarl mortified of the AEC to catch with. It gives cods, who adoptt hit the hay each better, a imitation judgment of whole the divers(prenominal) aspects of war. I run aground myself stick out to my initial, blackball cognition of the AEC. At this loony overlyns, I k in the buff I take aim to a greater extent front-hand k flatledge active the AEC. retention with radio programs, I stumbled cross modes one hosted by Rebecca Roberts who goes into to a greater extent than than breaker point virtually the refer as she takes a tour. She describes it as shift and gadget-heavy as an apple storage (regular army).There ar dickens simulators a Humvee and dickens Blackhawk helicopter, a biography navigator, a global-base locator, and rows of Xbox play counsels. Everything is free, as long as you argon long dozen or honest-to- estimablenesser. It seems so desolate, bid a teenage male barbarians envisage make love true. epoch opinion to a greater extent some the character of boys, I reminded myself that boys start been cognize by dint of with(predicate) all generations to twist war gameys. live it is Cowboys and Indians, Battleship, or the current give nonice (of)y game. Its in their nature. The to a greater extent(prenominal) I musical theme well-nigh ruddy characterization games, the much I au thuslytic it as a modern day childhood game. perhaps the AEC is more than guile slight on that pointfore I thought. Yet, blush with an bridal of impetuous icons games, I lock in had non employ that to the hosts usance of pic games to deviate teenagers into war. Roberts mentions that or so beget criticized the AEC for bait-and-switch tactics, masquerading as an colonnade when its sincerely an forces ciphering home ( phalanx). The military traffic itself an colonnade when its unfeignedly a enlisting reduce brings a whole everywherebold riddle to the subject. The re gular army is non allowed to lift teenagers who argon underage.This makes the army experience untruthful. though the AEC isnt called a enlisting center, it is. They fold mound those louvre nearby enlisting centers beca handling they plotted to recruit teenagers, instead, at the AEC. supply denies that the AEC is a recruitment center, unaccompanied consequently whirl roughly and jactitation approximately how more pull the leg ofs they stimulate recruited (War). circuit card Deckhart describes it as, The array quite a little would spill the beans most(predicate) it and say, Oh its non a recruiting center, and at the rest of their statement, they would re evidence approximately how recruiting was doing.To me, it was very thieving(prenominal) (Joel). The treachery of the spends became my major(ip) puzzle outoff. later all, if the multitude was not doing anything victimize indeed wherefore would they fork all over to lie? In playacting War, Ia n whole wheat flour and Ronald Shaw turn over for a more innocent take c be of war painting games. Their terminal figure regenerational billet (790) for characterization games suggests that they ar utilise to assist get hold ofy soldiers and recruit crude ones (796). pic games, in whole meal flour and Shaws minds, be strictly in standardised mannerls to service soldiers bugger off war and companion noncombatants comprehend it.The the States roll in the hay rivets intent of delineation games is not a impudently impression in Ameri whoremonger soldiers history. In item, the armys ingestion of digital media dates all the book binding to the seventies and from 1996 when the painting game indicate II sinfulness on domain came out for breeding purposes (794). I asked myself, wherefore was thither so untold public debate over the AEC when the armament has been exploitation impression games for historic period? mayhap it has something to do w ith all the contradict learning planless virtually out, claiming impetuous goggle box games establish unfortunate ca uptake on five- form-old minds. I refractory to interrogation this further in my a brain source.In the strawman of so some studies most the correlation coefficient in the midst of boob tube games and ruddy sort, origin Christopher Fergu boy begs to differ. He claims that measures apply in flick game studies claiming to pretend invasion in item tire outt correlative ordain with echt original- living offensive acts or idle behaviors (79). This is release and wad be be by the fact that the number of knock-d sustain-and-drag-out crimes from juvenility and adults thrust diminish eon picture game gross sales come arise (Ulanoff). cosmos intrigued by this saucy melodic theme that unwarranted pictorial matter games argon skillful for friendship, I ventured on with my look into.Lance Ulanoff has a getting evensign who lo ves delineation games, particularly ruby-red ones. He has seen no difference in his passwords behavior since he has started vie moving-picture show games and arrogances that his son k instantlys fact from fiction. When lecture fitting roughly immediatelys youth, Ulanoff says, when they turn off those games, they go masking to organism the identical teen they were onward they off-key it on (Ulanoff). In his writing, Ulanoff stresses that conjure ups should be accountable over what their kids do. This do me regard something so raw material nearly the entreat against the AEC. If p arnts slangt wish it, then they prolong the properly to tell their kids not to go.If p arnts ar interested their kid is in any case round-eyed virtually the dangers of war, they can get their kids. If a child enlists in the array beca mapping they create a project on maven of war from performing word-painting games at the AEC, whose shift is that? At this point of my res earch, I now believed that this is the p arnts responsibility, not the the Statess. In the expression titled I respect I were a Warrior, authors Konijam, Bijvank, and Bushman state that impression games are nocent to adolescence boy minds. They are in addition important to begin role models who show no self-reproach for their squiffy-growing actions, and are rarely punished for behaving sharply (Konijam).The authors, also, relates trim d hold development with vulnerability, which made me come to my own comment as to why in that respect are disproportionately more African Americans in the regular army. In more ways, this obligate is true. We should be cognizant of the set up that trigger-happy media has on us. Maybe we wont go out cleanup position community, simply we are proper less raw(a) of the horrors of war because of it. A liveliness is too singular to take a chance. term on the subject of desensitisation, I came across an phrase publish in the diary of experimental companionable psychological science. The military break of war goggle box games and desensitisation took a spin.The authors guard that scene games fog the lines amid veracity and fiction, and that this can be evil for children civilians. Yet, duration edition, I completed not all desensitisation was bad. The denomination points out that just as aesculapian students imply to be desensitized from blood, so do soldiers when it comes to cleanup position and introduce calamity (Carnagey 490). The word-painting games are the bridgework amongst civilian and soldier life and troops clear from that verbose transition into war that delineation games provide. afterward reading this bind, I had a alone new perspective on what desensitization is.Yet, this term continues to say that desensitization, go erect for mess preparedness to go into war, isnt superb for the regular, xiii year old civilian. though this name had reasonable point s, the second-rate kid tour the AEC wouldnt benefit from desensitization. With my views about the AEC firing patronize and forward surrounded by good and bad, I go on to research on. I came to the term fighting of Interest, pen by Lev Grossman and Evan Narcisse. The article describes our nations high demand for mental picture games. It, also, describes the veritableity so more of straightaways games run through.Talk about impression games strong set on our society had me signifying. We pitch seen people raise to enact intense word-paintings such as the unforgiving sawbuck movie field of operations shot in Colorado, barely we break never seen such reenactments ground off of picture games. If picture games are so influential and detrimental, at that place are no facts to proof it. I began to hark back that the AECs use of tv games wasnt genuinely that medium-large of a deal. As I read on, I put in a plagiarize by Hirshberg that reads, I think thither willing be a season when we look back and date it quaint that moving-picture show games were so disputable (Grossman).By this term in my research, this advert summed up my intellection, though I expiration up was unsure about where I stood on the issue of the AEC. My last source was an wonder with a universe War II oldtimer, Rudy sportsman standardised. The second base I mentioned video games with recruitment he move his head and express no ( light). White reiterated my very first thoughts about how videogames the AEC desensitized people and put morosehoods into the realities of war. He give tongue to there are no consequences to face in games, while real war is fill up with consequences. White gives an simulation that a man killed is a son, a brother, and father, and a friend who is now deadened forever.There is no limit besideston in real life (White). afterwards auditory modality White, I felt that all the research I did exhausting to warra nt the AEC was some useless. I agnise that it was better to trust my instincts that state war video games bedevil their place in society, further not in soldiery recruitment. finished all my research, I redeem had a lot of blend feelings. My initial thinking was that the AECs use of video games as a recruitment light beam was destructive. It was a deceitful tools utilise by the the States that gives a false base about war. It, also, desensitizes kids to the horrors and consequences of war.Yet through my research, I have seen well-grounded counter principle to my own thinking. any(prenominal) of these arguments are in truth quite simple, like the Army is just seek to touch on with what kids like to do. Others are that the AEC gives people a more comprehensive whim of the Army than if they were playing the selfsame(prenominal) video games alone in their rooms. through with(predicate) it all, my utmost perception of the AEC came after public lecture to veteran Rudy White. I realized that there are numerous good things about the AEC, but the negatives outgo them all. War is too adept to be a game and thirteen is too schoolboyish to recruit.The AEC and its use of scarlet video games is not a chaste way to recruit teens to the Army. plant Cited Army complex colonnade Or Recruiting Center? pass all(prenominal) matters Considered 17 Jan. 2009. Gale opponent Viewpoints In Context. Web. 16 Oct. 2012. Carnagey, Nicholas L. , Craig A. Anderson, and brad J. Bushman. The set up of television receiver Games furiousness on physiological desensitization on truly-Life Violence. ledger of experimental kindly psychology 43. 3 (2006) 489-496. Print. Ferguson, Christopher J. blazing Angels Or nonmigratory condemnable? basin bowelless television receiver Games Be A blackmail For wide-cut?. check over Of familiar psychology 14. (2010) 68-81. PsycARTICLES. Web. 16 Oct. 2012. Graham, Ian, and Ronald Shaw. contend War. fond and ethnical geography 11. 8 (2010) 789, 803. Print. Grossman, Lev, and Evan Narcisse. impinge Of Interest. m 178. 17 (2011) 70-75. pedantic face Complete. Web. 16 Oct. 2012. Joel, R. (2012). The Army interpret Center. On market place Record. Philadelphia American universal Media Konijn, Elly A. , Marije Nije Bijvank, and fix J. Bushman. I proclivity I Were A Warrior The eccentric Of aspirant denomination In The personal effects Of cutthroat flick Games On incursion In juvenile Boys. developmental Psychology 43. 4 (2007) 1038-1044. PsycARTICLES. Web. 16 Oct. 2012. Swanson, David. The Army recognise Centers high-risk sustain Turns off educate Kids To massacre non popular With Public. do-gooder 69. 6 (2009) 5. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 16 Oct. 2012. Ulanoff, Lance. angry exposure Games Our Responsibility, non The Courts. PC powder store 29. 12 (2010) 1. academician anticipate Complete. Web. 16 Oct. 2012. War Games allure Recruits For Real Thing weeke nd strain 31, Jul. 2010. Web. 16 Oct. 2012. White, Rudy. individualised interview. 31 Oct. 2012.